PORTLAND CEMENT

The final rule does not cover exposure to Cr(VI) in portland cement. The amount of Cr(VI) in American portland cement is generally less than 20 ug Cr(VI)/g cement Because the evidence in the record demonstrates that current requirements for portland cement are as protective as the new PEL with regard to Cr(VI) inhalation exposures, OSHA considers it reasonable to exclude Portland cement from the scope of the final rule.

The primary intent of this rule is to protect workers from lung cancer resulting from inhalation of Cr(VI). The Agency does recognize, however, that in addition to respiratory effects resulting from Cr(VI) inhalation, Cr(VI) is also capable of causing serious dermal effects (see discussion in section V  of this preamble).

The Agency believes this is a reasonable approach to protecting workers when a chemical causes a variety of adverse health effects. Although reports vary, the weight of the evidence indicates that the vast majority of cement dermatitis cases do not involve Cr(VI) sensitization (Ex. 46–74).

With only limited exceptions for mobile crews and normally unattended worksites, lavatories with running water, hand soap or similar cleansing agents, and towels or warm air blowers must be made available in all places of employment covered by the standard.

OSHA’s Hazard Communication standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) requires training for all employees potentially exposed to hazardous chemicals, including mixtures such as Portland cement. This training must cover the physical and health hazards of the chemicals and measures employees can take to protect themselves from these hazards, such as appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective equipment to be used.

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